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Journal Entries of VAT

Before knowing the journal entries, I am again explaining VAT. VAT is value added tax. India is adopting VAT formula from western countries. Before this, sale tax was collected. Value added tax is charged on purchase and sale. On purchase, it will be VAT input. On sale, it will be VAT Output. Excess of VAT output over VAT input will deposit in state Govt. account. If you are buying or selling the Good which are under VAT, you have to keep its record.


For recording, you have to pass following journal entries of VAT.

1.       When Goods are bought and you have to pay both purchase value and VAT input or paid both, at that time, following journal entry will be passed.

Purchase Account Dr.  (Value of Purchase)
VAT Input Account Dr. ( VAT on Purchase)
Cash or Bank or Name of Creditor Account Cr. (Value of Purchase + VAT input)

Reason of this Journal Entry :

We have bought the goods, it increases our current asset. Increase of asset will always debit. VAT input is also our current Asset or Negative Current Liability because We paid this to our creditor or supplier (for paying govt.) but still our net liability has not been fixed. If we received VAT output same to VAT input, then VAT Input account will automatically written off. If VAT input will be more than VAT Output, we have to Get money from Govt. So, VAT input account will be Debit. If we are final consumer, we need not show the VAT Input account, its cost will be included in purchase account. So, purchase expense will increase and debit in our journal entry.

2.       When Goods are Sold and you have to receive both Sale Value and VAT Output or received both, at that time, following journal entry will be passed

Cash or Bank or Name of Customer Account Dr.  (Value of Purchase + VAT output)
Sale Account Cr. (Value of Sale)
VAT Output Account Cr. (VAT on Sale)

Reason of this Journal Entry : 

When we sell any goods we receive cash or bank. If we sell the goods on credit, we have to get money from our customer. So, Receivable money from our customer is just like given loan. So, it is also increase of our current asset. So, in case of cash sale, we will debit cash or bank account. In case of credit sale, we will debit to debtor or customer account. We will credit to sale account because in sale, we transfer the ownership of goods to other party. So, it is decrease of our current asset. So, sale account will be credit. All the amount of VAT which we will receive on sale will not go to our pocket. It is the money of Govt. Because Govt. can not get the money of tax from each part, so, we have obtained the tax on the behalf of Govt. So, it is increase in our current liability. So, this account will credit.


3.       When We pay the Net VAT (Payable) to Government. At that time, following journal entry will be passed.


Net VAT Payable Account Dr. ( Excess of VAT Output over VAT Input)
Bank Account Cr.

Reason of this Journal Entry :

When we will debit VAT Payable account, it means, we are decreasing our current tax liability. Every payment through bank account will decrease our current asset, so bank account will credit. We have to show only excess of VAT output over VAT Input because the VAT which we have to pay already through purchasing need to pay again. So, we will deduct VAT input from VAT output.


4.       When there is the Change in VAT input or VAT output Rates, at that time following Entry will be passed.


I have already explained that State Govt. can change the VAT Rates and its applying date. So, if you have passed the journal entries with old rate, you need to adjust your VAT Entries. Different accounting software have different procedure to adjust it more fastly, you can learn the procedure at here. Adjustment journal entry will be different, if we have different case. Means, VAT input same but increased VAT Output. Or VAT input increased but same the VAT Output. If both VAT input and VAT out has increased. Following is its example

Because VAT is increased from 4% to 5%. It means net increase in input vat is only 1%. Total purchase is Rs. 1000.  Total purchase's 1% is Rs. 10 and surcharge is 10% which is calculated on Rs. 50 and it will be Rs. 5. So, total value of vat increase is Rs. 15.


It means our (creditors) current liability will increase. So,

VAT input account Dr. 15

Creditor Account Cr. 15

Accept the voucher entry.

Pass next voucher entry for adjusting vat output.

Because VAT Out  is increased from 4% to 5%. It means net increase in Output vat is only 1%. Total sale is Rs. 2000. Total sale's 1% is Rs. 20 and surcharge is 10% which is calculated on Rs. 100 and it will be Rs. 10. So, total value of vat increase  is Rs. 20+ 10 = Rs. 30

It means our (debtors)  current asset will increase. So,

Debtor Account Dr. 30

Output VAT Account Cr. 30

Difference between VAT output and VAT input is Rs. 15 and if we pay this Rs. 15 to Govt. following entry will pass.

VAT Payable Account Dr. 15

Bank Account Cr. Rs. 15


Remind Above Journal Entries Again 



Comments

: 35
  1. very simple n well explained...Thanks a ton...

    ReplyDelete
  2. Its been very informative, thanks aton for your kind help

    ReplyDelete
  3. Your are right. We can also say that the VAT payable to the revenue authority is VAT output - VAT input. It can also be referred to as NET VAT.

    ReplyDelete
  4. Excellent explaination........

    I learned new things in accounts

    Sir plz tell online accounting work I can do at my home?????

    ReplyDelete
  5. Nice explanation. This will be helpful for me...:)

    ReplyDelete
  6. Excellent!! Good work!! I want to buy E- book, could you please tell me main contents of this book.

    ReplyDelete
  7. And d case where input vat is in excess of output, then ??

    ReplyDelete
  8. If we want to deposite some rs as a advance tax. What will be entry in our books

    ReplyDelete
  9. Thank you for explaining coherently this topic. However, I have a question with regards to the Return for both Sales and Purchases. Would it be reasonable for me to make an entry like this, i.e. debiting "Output VAT" account:

    (Dr) Sales Returns
    (Dr) Output VAT
    (Cr) Accounts Receivable

    Thank you.

    ReplyDelete
  10. input tax under duties and tax and out put tax under the same it shown in p/l or balance sheet

    ReplyDelete
  11. Sir, I am beginner,
    I have clearly understood the journal entries of VAT input and VAT output. We know that VAT input is asset and VAT output is Liability, we just only pay the difference. My question is under which head of account the VAT entry can be posted?

    ReplyDelete
  12. Very informative thanks for sharing about VAT.
    VAT Consultants in UAE

    ReplyDelete
  13. how do i account for VAT when there is a sales returns

    ReplyDelete
  14. what about the co-roperation tax

    ReplyDelete
  15. How can i pass entry for bank charge like cheque issue charge

    ReplyDelete
  16. vat payable (Current Liabilities) is clear the liabilities. vat payable is not a expenses? is this correct?

    ReplyDelete
  17. when we pay vat to government thae vat payable account comes under liablity or expense?

    ReplyDelete
  18. How do I treat VAT paid to the government. When the the seller failed to charge Vat on sales but paid VAT on purchases

    ReplyDelete
  19. We have returned Materials to Supplier. How to record the Journal for Tax Credit note. Please clarify

    ReplyDelete
  20. We have returned the purchased material to supplier. how can we record journal entry with VAT. Please clarify

    ReplyDelete
  21. hi, what about purchased returns VAT exclusive.

    ReplyDelete
  22. if have vat on rent how will apply journal entry ?

    ReplyDelete
  23. I am new to VAT, just have a confusion
    On credit purchase let's say we pass the entry
    Purchase 95 dr
    Vat 5 dr
    Party 100 cr

    The payment has not been made yet, or made partially, still we have to take the full vat or vat should be entered in payment entry

    ReplyDelete
  24. THANK YOU MUCH FOR THIS EXPLANATION ON VAT IS VERY CLEAR

    ReplyDelete
  25. Hi, How to record a Non Vat registered company invoice in VAT registered company?. company is with in the country only. Is RCM applicable?

    ReplyDelete
  26. Hello Sir, Can you please suggest entry of Bank charges with VAT. It is not showing in VAT SOA purchase and Sales this type of expense it is not showing for liability.

    ReplyDelete
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Accounting Education: Journal Entries of VAT
Journal Entries of VAT
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